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Lesbians often attract media attention, particularly in relation to feminism, love and sexual relationships, marriage and parenting. Some writers have asserted this trend can lead to exploitative and unjustified plot devices. ==Fiction== During the twentieth century lesbians such as Gertrude Stein and Barbara Hammer were noted in the US avant-garde art movements, along with figures such as Leontine Sagan in German pre-war cinema. Since the 1890s the underground classic ''The Songs of Bilitis'' has been influential on lesbian culture. This book provided a name for the first campaigning and cultural organization in the United States, the Daughters of Bilitis. Joseph Sheridan le Fanu's 1872 novella ''Carmilla'' (which has since been adapted as a webseries) cited as a root of the lesbian vampire trope about the predatory love of a vampire (the title character) for a young woman (the narrator) which was picked up in 20th century exploitation films. During the 1950s and 1960s lesbian pulp fiction was published in the US and UK, often under "coded" titles such as ''Odd Girl Out'', ''The Evil Friendship'' by Vin Packer and ''The Beebo Brinker Chronicles'' by Ann Bannon. British school stories also provided a haven for "coded" and sometimes outright lesbian fiction. Thistime started during the 1970s the second wave of feminist-era lesbian novels became more politically oriented. Works often carried the explicit ideological messages of separatist feminism and the trend carried over to other lesbian arts. Rita Mae Brown's debut novel ''Rubyfruit Jungle'' was a milestone of this period; ''Patience and Sarah'', by Isabel Miller, became a cult favorite. By the early 1990s lesbian culture was being influenced by a younger generation who had not taken part in the "Feminist Sex Wars" and this strongly informed post-feminist queer theory along with the new queer culture. In 1972 the Berkeley, California lesbian journal ''Libera'' published a paper entitled '"Heterosexuality in Women: its Causes and Cure." Written in deadpan, academic prose, closely paralleling previous psychiatry-journal articles on homosexuality among women, this paper inverted prevailing assumptions about what is normal and deviant or pathological. The paper was widely read by lesbian feminists. The journal is no longer published, and the article is nearly impossible to find: a Google search on the title typically yields Albert Ellis's book ''Homosexuality: its Causes and Cure,'' which was published before 1972, and before the American Psychiatric Association decided that homosexuality was no longer a mental disorder. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Media portrayal of lesbianism」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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